Comprobación de la estabilidad de la estructura sustentante de la fachada

En intervenciones en edificios protegidos de centros urbanos, es habitual la obligatoriedad de respetar el diseño de la fachada primitiva a la hora de acometer cualquier tipo de actuación en el edificio. En el caso extremo de realizar una nueva edificación, normalmente se mantienen la fachada original mientras se realizan los trabajos en su interior. Para sustentar la fachada se recurre a un sistema de estabilización que sujeta linealmente la fachada en todas las plantas aprovechando generalmente sus huecos de ventanas y balcones. En la actualidad, el desarrollo de proyectos de sistemas de estabilización se encuentra mayoritariamente en manos de empresas instaladores especializadas, por lo que los técnicos no intervienen en modo alguno en su diseño. Tomando como referencia una estructura de estabilización ya colocada, se han calculado sus elementos considerando las acciones a las que está sometida y comprobando que es posible una optimización de la cantidad de material utilizada así como de los sistemas de montaje empleados

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their possibilities for cleaner blackberry production

Introduction: Blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) is among the promising fruit trees of great commercial importance in Colombia, and although it is proposed that the use of mycorrhizae in blackberry plays an important role in sustainable agroecosystems, there is no updated information on the subject. Objective: To provide comprehensive and updated information on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in interaction with fruit species with emphasis on the cultivation of blackberry (Rubus sp.). Methodology: A documentary investigation of articles was carried out with updated information that indicated the approach to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in blackberry, using as units of analysis the articles published by national and international journals and the databases selected during the period. from 2010 to 2020. Results: A total of 20 original articles published were found, distributed like this; national magazines, 6 articles; international magazines, 7 articles; and in databases, 7 articles. Conclusions: The use of AMF in fruit trees is encouraging in Colombia and to a certain extent also in the cultivation of blackberry, however, it is necessary to deepen on aspects related to the response capacity of each crop to mycorrhizal symbiosis, turning this into an obstacle to the larger-scale application of this biotechnology, as well as increasing scientific research on native AMF species and their mycorrhizal potential for achieving cleaner and more sustainable agricultureIntroducción: La mora (Rubus glaucus Benth) se encuentra entre los frutales promisorios y de gran importancia comercial en Colombia, y aunque se plantea que uso de las micorrizas en mora juega un papel importante en agroecosistemas sostenibles, no se ha encontrado una información actualizada y condensada sobre el tema Objetivo: Proporcionar información amplia y actualizada sobre los hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares en interacción con especies de frutales con énfasis en el cultivo de mora (Rubus sp.). Metodología: Se realizó una investigación documental de artículos con información actualizada que indicara el abordaje de los Hongos Micorrízicos Arbusculares (HMA) en mora, utilizando como unidades de análisis los artículos publicados por las revistas nacionales e internacionales y las bases de datos seleccionadas con énfasis en el periodo de 2010 a 2020. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 20 artículos originales publicados distribuidos así; revistas nacionales, 6 artículos; revistas internacionales, 7 artículos; y en bases de datos, 7 artículos. Conclusiones: El empleo de HMA en los frutales es alentador en Colombia y en cierta medida también en el cultivo de la mora, sin embargo se debe profundizar sobre aspectos relacionados con la capacidad de respuesta de cada cultivo a la simbiosis micorrízica, ya que esto se convierte en un obstáculo para la aplicación a mayor escala de esta biotecnología, así como aumentar la investigación científica acerca de las especies nativas de HMA y su potencial micorrízico  para el logro de una  agricultura más limpia y sostenible

Esquema de integración para experimentación real con sistemas robóticos bi-brazo

En este art culo se presenta un esquema para la integraci on de un sistema rob otico bi-brazo, para transformar resultados obtenidos de simulaciones en ejecuciones en un entornos real. Este esquema utiliza una capa de comunicaci on basada en \The Robot Operating System (ROS)Postprint (published version

Positioning system for 3D scans inside objects

En este trabajo presentamos un sistema de posicionamiento de visión activa para el escaneo 3D del interior de piezas. El diseño del sistema propuesto consta de dos módulos: un sistema de dimensionamiento 2D de visión activa, y un sistema que posiciona el módulo de visión activa. El sistema de posicionamiento es capaz de determinar la profundidad del sistema de dimensionamiento 2D de visión activa en el interior del objeto a escanear usando varios sensores. Las principales contribuciones de este trabajo son la caracterización del sistema de dimensionamiento 2D, y el desarrollo de algoritmos de posicionamiento de la luz activa con énfasis en el modelado y fusión de sensores. El sistema puede utilizarse como un sistema de dimensionamiento en aplicaciones industriales como la industria metal mecánica, la aeronáutica, la medicina, en el control de calidad y en áreas de visión por computadora.In this work we present an active positioning system for 3D scan of interior parts. The design of the proposed system consists of two modules: an active 2D dimensional system and positional system based on active vision. The active 2D dimensional system is able to determine the depth of the 2D dimensional system inside the object to be scanned using several sensors. The main contributions of this work are the characterization of the 2D dimensional system and the development of active light positioning algorithms with emphasis on the modeling and fusion of the sensors. The system can be used as a dimensional system in industrial applications such as the metal mechanical industry, aeronautics industry, medicine, quality control and computer vision.Peer Reviewe

Multichannel massive audio processing for a generalized crosstalk cancellation and equalization application using GPUs

[EN] Multichannel acoustic signal processing has undergone major development in recent years due to the increased com- plexity of current audio processing applications, which involves the processing of multiple sources, channels, or filters. A gen- eral scenario that appears in this context is the immersive reproduction of binaural audio without the use of headphones, which requires the use of a crosstalk canceler. However, generalized crosstalk cancellation and equalization (GCCE) requires high com- puting capacity, which is a considerable limitation for real-time applications. This paper discusses the design and implementation of all the processing blocks of a multichannel convolution on a GPU for real-time applications. To this end, a very efficient fil- tering method using specific data structures is proposed, which takes advantage of overlap-save filtering and filter fragmentation. It has been shown that, for a real-time application with 22 inputs and 64 outputs, the system is capable of managing 1408 filters of 2048 coefficients with a latency time less than 6 ms. The proposed GPU implementation can be easily adapted to any acoustic environment, demonstrating the validity of these co-processors for managing intensive multichannel audio applications.This work has been partially funded by Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion TEC2009-13741, Generalitat Valenciana PROMETEO 2009/2013 and GV/2010/027, and Universitat Politecnica de Valencia through Programa de Apoyo a la Investigacion y Desarrollo (PAID-05-11).Belloch Rodríguez, JA.; Gonzalez, A.; Martínez Zaldívar, FJ.; Vidal Maciá, AM. (2013). Multichannel massive audio processing for a generalized crosstalk cancellation and equalization application using GPUs. Integrated Computer-Aided Engineering. 20(2):169-182. https://doi.org/10.3233/ICA-130422S16918220

Multidimensional adaptive P-splines with application to neurons' activity studies

The receptive field (RF) of a visual neuron is the region of the space that elicits neuronal responses. It can be mapped using different techniques that allow inferring its spatial and temporal properties. Raw RF maps (RFmaps) are usually noisy, making it difficult to obtain and study important features of the RF. A possible solution is to smooth them using P-splines. Yet, raw RFmaps are characterized by sharp transitions in both space and time. Their analysis thus asks for spatiotemporal adaptive P-spline models, where smoothness can be locally adapted to the data. However, the literature lacks proposals for adaptive P-splines in more than two dimensions. Furthermore, the extra flexibility afforded by adaptive P-spline models is obtained at the cost of a high computational burden, especially in a multidimensional setting. To fill these gaps, this work presents a novel anisotropic locally adaptive P-spline model in two (e.g., space) and three (space and time) dimensions. Estimation is based on the recently proposed SOP (Separation of Overlapping Precision matrices) method, which provides the speed we look for. Besides the spatiotemporal analysis of the neuronal activity data that motivated this work, the practical performance of the proposal is evaluated through simulations, and comparisons with alternative methods are reported.</p

Extracting extremophilic lipases from aqueous streams by using biocompatible ionic liquids

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto:Universidade de Vigo/CISUGIn this work, biocompatible ionic liquids based on aminoacids were employed as extractants to separate extremolipases from aqueous streams. First, the influence of aminoacid and dipeptide-based ionic liquids (cholinium glycinate, ChGly, and cholinium glycylglycinate, ChGlygly) on the lipolytic activity of a commercial lipase from Candida antarctica (CaLB) and in-house synthesized extremophilic lipases from Thermus thermophilus HB27 (TtHB27L) and Halomonas sp. LM1C (HL) was investigated. The combination of thermophilic enzyme with ChGly turned out to be the optimum combination for maximizing the biocatalytic performance, clearly improving the levels attained when water was exclusively employed as solvent and also surpassing the activity levels provided for the commercial enzyme CaLB. The salting out capacity of ChGly in aqueous solutions of biodegradable surfactants Tergitol 15S7 and Tergitol 15S9 was discussed, recording immiscibility areas almost covering all the ternary diagrams. The aqueous biphasic systems were experimentally characterized by determining both tie-lines and solubility curves at several temperatures and the data was modelled with relevant equations like Merchuk, Othmer-Tobias and Bancroft ones, as they are the most common ones to describe this kind of equilibrium data. So, ChGly was applied to extract thermophilic and commercial lipases from aqueous solutions at 313.15 K, achieving very high extraction levels (about 100 %) for TtHB27L, which clearly surpasses the maximum extraction values observed for the commercial enzyme (about 80 %). Finally, the process was simulated at real scale through SuperPro Designer v.8.5 for the production of 385 Kg/year of extremolipaseXunta de Galicia | Ref. ED481D-2019/017Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-094702-B-I0

Wnt signaling alterations in the human spinal cord of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases: spotlight on Fz2 and Wnt5a

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder with no cure, and elucidation of the mechanisms mediating neuronal death in this neuropathology is crucial to develop effective treatments. It has recently been demonstrated in animal models that the Wnt family of proteins is involved in this neuropathology, although its potential involvement in case of humans is almost unknown. We analyzed the expression of Wnt signaling components in healthy and ALS human spinal cords by quantitative RT-PCR, and we found that most Wnt ligands, modulators, receptors, and co-receptors were expressed in healthy controls. Moreover, we observed clear alterations in the mRNA expression of different components of this family of proteins in human spinal cord tissue from ALS cases. Specifically, we detected a significant increase in the mRNA levels of Wnt3, Wnt4, Fz2, and Fz8, together with several non-significant increases in the mRNA expression of other genes such as Wnt2b, Wnt5a, Fz3, Lrp5, and sFRP3. Based on these observations and on previous reports of studies performed in animal models, we evaluated with immunohistochemistry the protein expression patterns of Fz2 and Fz5 receptors and their main ligand Wnt5a in control samples and ALS cases. No substantial changes were observed in Fz5 protein expression pattern in ALS samples. However, we detected an increase in the amount of Fz2+ astrocytes in the borderline between gray and white matter at the ventral horn in ALS samples. Finally, Wnt5a expression was observed in neurons and astrocytes in both control and ALS samples, although Wnt5a immunolabeling in astroglial cells was significantly increased in ALS spinal cords in the same region where changes in Fz2 were observed. Altogether, these observations strongly suggest that the Wnt family of proteins, and more specifically Fz2 and Wnt5a, might be involved in human ALS pathology

Multidimensional Adaptive Penalised Splines with Application to Neurons' Activity Studies

P-spline models have achieved great popularity both in statistical and in applied research. A possible drawback of P-spline is that they assume a smooth transition of the covariate effect across its whole domain. In some practical applications, however, it is desirable and needed to adapt smoothness locally to the data, and adaptive P-splines have been suggested. Yet, the extra flexibility afforded by adaptive P-spline models is obtained at the cost of a high computational burden, especially in a multidimensional setting. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, the literature lacks proposals for adaptive P-splines in more than two dimensions. Motivated by the need for analysing data derived from experiments conducted to study neurons' activity in the visual cortex, this work presents a novel locally adaptive anisotropic P-spline model in two (e.g., space) and three (space and time) dimensions. Estimation is based on the recently proposed SOP (Separation of Overlapping Precision matrices) method, which provides the speed we look for. The practical performance of the proposal is evaluated through simulations, and comparisons with alternative methods are reported. In addition to the spatio-temporal analysis of the data that motivated this work, we also discuss an application in two dimensions on the absenteeism of workers